The chemical formula of sodium chlorate is NaCLO3, which is usually a white or slightly yellow equiaxed crystal with a salty and cool taste. It has strong oxidation in acidic solutions and decomposes into oxygen above 300 ℃.
1、 Physical and chemical properties of sodium chlorate
1. Colorless and odorless crystals, salty and cool in taste, with deliquescence. 2. Melting point between 248 and 261 (℃) 3 Easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol.
4. Hazard characteristics: Strong oxidant. Explosion occurs when subjected to strong heat or in contact with strong acids. Mixing with reducing agents, organic compounds, flammable substances such as sulfur, phosphorus, or metal powders can form explosive mixtures. Explosion can occur when heated sharply.
5. Taboos: Strong reducing agents, flammable or combustible substances, alcohols, strong acids, sulfur, phosphorus, and aluminum. 6. Fire extinguishing method: Use a large amount of water to extinguish the fire, while using dry powder extinguishing agent to suffocate.
7. First aid measures: ① Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of flowing water. ② Eye contact: Lift the eyelids and rinse with flowing water or physiological saline. Seek medical attention. ③ Inhalation: Quickly remove from the scene to a place with fresh air. Maintain unobstructed respiratory tract. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If breathing stops, immediately perform artificial respiration. Seek medical attention. ④ Ingestion: Drink plenty of warm water to induce vomiting. Seek medical attention. 8. Leakage disposal: isolate the contaminated area and restrict access. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear dust masks (full face masks) and gas protective clothing. Do not come into direct contact with leaks. Do not let the leakage come into contact with organic matter, reducing agents, or flammable substances.
(1) The leaked solid should be recycled as much as possible in a clean and dry metal container, and then thoroughly flushed with water
Clean the leaking area.
(2) Leaking liquids (including delivery pipelines) should not be allowed to dry up and should be rinsed clean with a large amount of water. (3) Leaking liquids and solids should not be directly discharged into acidic ditches or into the natural environment. (4) Strengthen inspection and maintenance of equipment, report any leaks immediately, and ensure that personal safety is not endangered
Handle the situation as soon as possible according to safe methods to reduce leakage
Small leakage: Avoid dust and collect with a clean shovel in a dry, clean, and covered container. Large amount of leakage: collected and recycled or transported to a waste treatment site for disposal.
2、 Precautions for storage and transportation:
1. Store in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Keep away from sparks and heat sources. Packaging sealing. It should be stored separately from flammable (combustible) substances, reducing agents, alcohols, etc., and mixed storage should be avoided. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks.
2. During railway transportation, the dangerous goods loading table in the "Dangerous Goods Transport Rules" of the Ministry of Railways should be strictly followed for loading. During transportation, the container should be shipped separately, ensuring that it does not leak, collapse, fall, or be damaged. During transportation, transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment.
